Flashing is used to seal the gap between the chimney and roofing material.Ī simple rafter roof consists of rafters that the rafter foot rest on horizontal wall plates on top of each wall. Chimneys are typically built with a water diverter known as a cricket or saddle above the chimney. The roof framing may be interrupted for openings such as a chimney or skylight. The United States still uses imperial units of measurement and framing members are typically spaced sixteen or twenty-four inches apart. In the UK, a concrete tiled roof would normally have rafters at 600 mm (24 in) centers, roof battens at 300 mm (12 in) centers and ceiling joists at 400 mm (16 in) centers. This is not normally a problem in areas not prone to high wind or extreme weather conditions.

This is accomplished by using metal ties fastened to each rafter or truss. Every component of the roof, as of course the rest of the structure, has to withstand the uplift forces of high wind speeds. In high-wind areas, such as where a cyclone or hurricane may make landfall, the main engineering consideration is to hold the roof down during severe storms. Flat roofs on houses are primarily found in arid regions. Flat roofs actually slope up to approximately ten degrees to shed water. The steepness or roof pitch of a sloped roof is determined primarily by the roof covering material and aesthetic design. Roofs are also designated as warm or cold roof depending on how they are designed and built with regard to thermal building insulation and ventilation. Timber framed and historic buildings may be framed with principal rafters or timber roof trusses. Modern timber roofs are mostly framed with pairs of common rafters or prefabricated wooden trusses fastened together with truss connector plates. Overview A roof being framed in the United States circa 1955 Such roofs are built with mostly timber, take a number of different shapes, and are covered with a variety of materials.

means centers, a typical line to which carpenters layout framingĭomestic roof construction is the framing and roof covering which is found on most detached houses in cold and temperate climates. Section view through a house roof drawing showing names for parts of the structure.

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